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Advisory Editor: Monroe S. Beardsley
Maurice Mandelbaum
Subjective, Objective, and
Conceptual Relativisms
A. MacC. Armstrong
Objectivity in Historical Writing
Baruch A. Brody
Intuitions and Objective Moral Knowledge
Evan Simpson
Objective Reason and Respect for Persons
Harold I. Brown
Observation and the Foundations of Objectivity
Jeffrey Olen
Perception, Inference and Aesthetic Qualities
Cheryl N. Noble
Normative Ethical Theories
Robin Attfield
How Not to Be a Moral Relativist
Advisory Editor: Mary Mothersill
Norman Daniels
Moral Theory and the Plasticity of Persons
Samuel Scheffler
Moral Scepticism and Ideals of the Person
Terence Penelhum
Human Nature and External Desires
Naomi Scheman
On Sympathy
John McDowell
Virtue and Reason
Roger S. Gottlieb
Kierkegaard’s Ethical Individualism
Donald Vandeveer
Of Beasts, Persons, and the Original Position
George Sher
Compensation and Transworld Personal Identity
Advisory Editor: Dagfinn Føllesdal
W.V. Quine
Cognitive Meaning
P.F. Strawson
Belief, Reference and Quantification
Gareth Evans
Reference and Contingency
John R. Searle
Referential and Attributive
William G. Lycan
Semantic Competence and Funny Functors
William Godfrey-Smith
Thoughts of Objects
John Biro
Intentionalism in the Theory of Meaning
Advisory Editor: Joseph Owens
Alexander P.D. Mourelatos
Some Alternatives in Interpreting Parmenides
Joseph Owens
Knowledge and Katabasis in Parmenides
Karl Bormann
The Interpretation of Parmenides
by the Neoplatonist Simplicius
Leonardo Tarán
Perpetual Duration and Atemporal Eternity
in Parmenides and Plato
T.M. Robinson
Parmenides on the Real in its Totality
David Gallop
‘Is’ or ‘Is Not’?
P.B. Manchester
Parmenides and the Need for Eternity
Dan Magurshak
Heidegger and Edwards on Sein-zum-Tode
Advisory Editor: William P. Alston
Jerry A. Fodor
Propositional Attitudes
Alvin I. Goldman
Epistemology and the Psychology of Belief
David W. Hamlyn
Perception and Agency
H. Rom Harré
Towards a Cognitive Psychology of Social Action:
Philosophical Issues of a Programme
Stephen P. Stich
Autonomous Psychology and the Belief-Desire Thesis
Robert Audi
Psychological Foundationalism
Peter Skagestad
Taking Evolution Seriously: Critical Comments
on D.T. Campbell’s Evolutionary Epistemology
Sophie Haroutunian
Piaget’s Explanation of “Stage” Transition
Advisory Editor: Richard M. Martin
Ruth Barcan Marcus
Nominalism and the Substitutional Quantifier
Rolf Eberle
Semantic Analysis Without Reference to Abstract Entities
Joseph Margolis
The Problems of Similarity: Realism and Nominalism
Richard E. Grandy
An Ockhamite Criticism of Church Semantics
James B. Scoggin
The Substitutional Quantifier: A Critique
Armand A. Maurer
Method in Ockham’s Nominalism
Marilyn McCord Adams
Ockham’s Theory of Natural Signification
Herbert Hochberg
Nominalism, General Terms, and Predication
Sidney Axinn
Kant and Goodman on Possible Individuals
Susan Haack
Platonism Versus Nominalism: Carnap and Goodman
Advisory Editor: Lewis White Beck
Peter Kivy
Thomas Reid and the Expression Theory of Art
Keith Lehrer
Reid on Primary and Secondary Qualities
Ronald Beanblossom
Russell’s Indebtedness to Reid
Timothy J. Duggan
Ayer and Reid: Responses to the Skeptic
Peter Heath
Reid on Conceiving and Imagining
J.H. Faurot
Tomas Reid, on Intelligible Objects
John Immerwahr
The Development of Reid’s Realism
Bernard R. Rollin
Thomas Reid and the Semiotics of Perception
Arthur R. Greenberg
Reid, Berkeley, and Notional Knowledge
Michael S. Pritchard
Reason and Passion: Reid’s Reply to Hume
Henning Jensen
Common Sense and Common Language in
Thomas Reid’s Ethical Theory
Louise Marcil Lacoste
The Seriousness of Reid’s Sceptical Admissions
Daniel N. Robinson & Tom L. Beauchamp
Personal Identity: Reid’s Answer to Hume
Advisory Editor: John E. Smith
Julia Ching
“Authentic Selfhood”: Wang Yang-ming and Heidegger
Peter A. Bertocci
The Essence of a Person
Glyn Richards
Conceptions of the Self in Wittgenstein,
Hume, and Buddhism: An Analysis and Comparison
Tom Rockmore
Marxian Man
Tu, Wei-ming
On the Mencian Perception of Moral Self-Development
David A. Dilworth & Hugh J. Silverman
A Cross-Cultural Approach to the De-Ontological Self Paradigm
Susan Leigh Anderson
The Substantive Center Theory Versus the Bundle Theory
Mark B. Woodhouse
Consciousness and Brahman-Atman
David & Marjorie Haight
The Country of Consciousness
P.T. Raju
Self and Body: How Known and Differentiated
Advisory Editor: Richard Rorty
Maurice Mandelbaum
A Note on Thomas S. Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Alisdair MacIntyre
Epistemological Crises, Dramatic Narrative
and the Philosophy of Science
Keith Lehrer
Social Information
Dudley Shapere
What Can the Theory of Knowledge Learn
From the History of Knowledge?
Larry Briskman
Historicist Relativism and Bootstrap Rationality
Harold I. Brown
For A Modest Historicism
Robert Hollinger
Two Kinds of Fictionalism
Jack W. Meiland
Concepts of Relative Truth
Advisory Editor: Ruth Barcan Marcus
Barbara H. Partee
Possible Worlds Semantics and Linguistic Theory
Robert Stalnaker
Complex Predicates
Richmond H. Thompson
Indirect Discourse Is Not Quotational
Robert K. Meyer & Richard Routely
Extensional Reduction?I
Jaakko Hintikka
The Ross Paradox As Evidence for
the Reality of Semantical Games
Jerrold J. Katz
The Advantage of Semantic Theory Over
Predicate Calculus in the Representation
of Logical Form in Natural Language
Esa Saarinen
Game-Theoretical Semantics
Neil Tennant
Recursive Semantics for Knowledge and Belief
Advisory Editor: Maurice Mandelbaum
James Collins
Functions of Kant’s Philosophy of Religion
Paul Ricoeur
Schleiermacher’s Hermeneutics
Edward Black
Religion and Philosophy in Hegel’s Philosophy of Religion
Wayne P. Pomerleau
The Accession and Dismissal of an Upstart Handmaid
Robert Merrihew Adams
Kierkegaard’s Arguments Against Objective Reasoning in Religion
Michael Ruse
William Whewell and the Argument from Design
John Macquarrie
Philosophy and Religion in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries:
Continuities and Discontinuities
Merold Westphal
Nietzsche and the Phenomenological Ideal
Advisory Editor: Eugene Freeman
Samuel Gorovitz
Bioethics and Social Responsibility
H. Tristram Englehardt, Jr.
Ontology and Ontogeny
Arthur J. Dyck
An Ethical Analysis of Population Policy Alternatives
K. Danner Clouser
Biomedical Ethics: Some Reflections and Exhortations
Tom L. Beauchamp
Paternalism and Biobehavioral Control
H.V. Wyatt
Vaccines and Social Responsibility: Here Are the
Answers. What Are the Questions?
Mario Bunge
Towards a Technoethics
Kathryn Pyne Parsons & David Ozar
A Sample Course in Morality and Medicine
Ernlé W.D. Young
An Approach to the Teaching of Biomedical Ethics
Peter McL. Black, M.D.
Three Definitions of Death
Advisory Editor: Wilfrid Sellars
P.T. Geach
Two Kinds of Intentionality?
Richard Rorty
Realism and Reference
R.M. Martin
Some Reminders Concerning Truth, Satisfaction, and Reference
James W. Cornman
Reference and Ontology: Inscrutable But Not Relative
Milton Fisk
Idealism, Truth, and Practice
David-Hillel Ruben
Epistemological Empiricism: The Duality of
Beliefs and Experiences Reconsidered
Michael Devitt
Semantics and the Ambiguity of Proper Names
William G. Lycan
Reality and Semantic Representation
Kai Nielsen
Rationality and Universality
Advisory Editor: Dagfinn Føllesdal
J.N. Findlay
Husserl’s Analysis of the Inner Time-Consciousness
Rudolf Boehm
Bewusstsein als Gegenwart des Vergangenen
John B. Brough
Husserl on Memory
Guido Küng
The Phenomenological Reduction as Epoche and as Explication
David Hemmendinger
Husserl’s Concepts of Evidence and Science
Richard H. Holmes
Is Transcendental Phenomenology Committed to Idealism?
Ronald McIntyre & David Woodruff Smith
Husserl’s Identification of Meaning and Noema
Jeffner Allen
Husserl Bibliography of English Translations
Keith R. David
Historical Note: The Paul Carus Collection
Advisory Editor: William K. Frankena
R.S. Peters
Moral Development and Moral Learning
R.M. Hare
Platonism in Moral Education: Two Varieties
Harald Ofstad
Education versus Growth in Moral Development
Kurt Baier
Moral Development
Marcus G. Singer
The Teaching of Introductory Ethics
Michael S. Pritchard
Responsibility, Understanding, and Psychopathology
Robert W. Burch
Are There Moral Experts?
Hardy E. Jones
The Rationale of Moral Education
Neil M. Lorber
Conforming versus Nonconformity to Social Ethics:
The Challenge to Educators
J. Theodore Klein
Cultural Pluralism and Moral Education
Advisory Editor: J.B. Schneewind
Brand Blanshard
Sidgwick the Man
J.B. Schneewind
Sidgwick and the Cambridge Moralists
D.D. Raphael
Sidgwick on Intuitionism
Marcus G. Singer
The Many Methods of Sidgwick’s Ethics
William K. Frankena
Sidgwick and the Dualism of Practical Reason
Gertrude Ezorsky
Unconscious Utilitarianism
Stephen L. Darwall
Pleasure as Ultimate Good in Sidgwick’s Ethics
Peter Singer
Sidgwick and Reflective Equilibrium
Advisory Editor: Monroe C. Beardsley
Joseph Margolis
Art as Language
F.E. Sparshott
Goodman on Expression
Alan Tormey
Indeterminacy and Identity in Art
Søren Kjørup
George Inness and the Battle at Hastings, or
Doing Things with Pictures
Kendall L. Walton
Are Representations Symbols?
John G. Bennett
Depiction and Convention
David Carrier
A Reading of Goodman on Representation
Stephanie Ross
Caricature
Nelson Goodman
On Some Questions Concerning Quotation
V.A. Howard
On Musical Quotation
Howard Gardner
A Psychological Investigation of Nelson Goodman’s
Theory of Symbols
Marx W. Wartofsky
Art, Action and Ambiguity
Nelson Goodman
On Reconceiving Cognition
Advisory Editor: Joseph Owens
Anton C. Pegis
Between immortality and Death: Some Further
Reflections on the Summa Contra Gentiles
Joseph Owens
Aquinas and the Five Ways
Lubor Velecky
‘The Five Ways’?Proofs of God’s Existence?
Vernon J. Bourke
Is Thomas Aquinas a Natural Law Ethicist?
J. Donceel
Transcendental Thomism
James F. Ross
Justice Is Reasonableness: Aquinas on
Human Law and Morality
Jacob I. Dienstag
St. Thomas Aquinas in Maimonidian Scholarship
Charles J. O’Neil
Is Prudence Love?
R.E.A. Shanab
Ghazali and Aquinas on Causation
Ronald Duska
Aquinas’s Definition of Good: Ethical-Theoretical
Notes on D Veritate, Q. 21
Ralph W. Clark
Saint Thomas Aquinas’s Theory of Universals
Advisory Editor: Lewis White Beck
James Turner Johnson
Toward Reconstructing the Jus Ad Bellum
Robert L. Holmes
On Pacifism
Iredell Jenkins
The Conditions of Peace
Jeffrie G. Murphy
The Killing of the Innocent
William Earle
In Defense of War
Edward Black
Hegel on War
LeRoy Walters
The Just War and the Crusade:
Antitheses or Analogies?
Cheryl Noble
Political Realism, International Morality,
and Just War
Advisory Editor: R.M. Martin
R.M. Martin
On the Logical Structure of the Ontological Argument
Henry Hiz
On the Rules of Consequence for a Natural Language
George Lakoff
Notes on What It Would Take to Understand
How One Adverb Works
Edward L. Keenan
Presupposition in Natural Logic
Asa Kasher
Logical Forms in Context:
Presuppositions and Other Preconditions
James D. McCawley
Fodor on Where the Action Is
G. Benjamin Oliver
Underlying Realities of Language
Thomas M. Olshewsky
Deep Structure: Essential, Transcendental
or Pragmatic?
Paul T. Sagal
Implicit Definition
T.A. Goudge
Pragmatism’s Contribution to an
Evolutionary View of Mind
Armand A. Maurer
A Thomist Looks at William James’s
Notion of Truth
Eugene Freeman
Objectivity As “Intersubjective Agreement”
Asher Moore
The Promised Land
Georges Dicker
Knowing and Coming-To-Know in
John Dewey’s Theory of Knowledge
Garry M. Brodsky
Peirce on Truth, Reality, and Inquiry
C.F. Delaney
Peirce’s Critique of Foundationalism
Sandra B. Rosenthal
Pragmatism and the Methodology of Metaphysics
William D. Stine
Dewey’s Theory of Knowledge
Advisory Editor: Mary Mothersill
A.I. Melden
The Play of Rights
R.B. Brandt
The Morality of Abortion
Jan Narveson
Aesthetics, Charity, Utility, and
Distributive Justice
William Earle
Some Notes on the Radical
Cornelius L. Golightly
Ethics and Moral Activism
John McMurtry
Monogamy: A Critique
David-Hillel Ruben
Searle on Institutional Obligation
J. Brenton Stearns
Ecology and the Indefinite Unborn
Advisory Editor: None
Richard Wasserstrom
The Laws of War
Hugo Adam Bedau
Compensatory Justice and the
Black Manifesto
Irving Thalberg
Visceral Racism
Gerald Dworkin
Paternalism
M.P. Golding
Obligations to Future Generations
Robert E. McGinn
Prestige and the Logic of
Political Argument
Virginia Black
The Methodology of Confirming the
Effectiveness of Public Policy
Advisory Editor: None
G.H.R. Parkinson
Spinoza on the Power and Freedom of Man
Stuart Hampshire
Spinoza’s Theory of Human Freedom
Wallace I. Matson
Spinoza’s Theory of Mind
Douglas Odegard
The Body Identical with the Human Mind:
A Problem in Spinoza’s Philosophy
Robert McShea
Spinoza: Human Nature and History
Willis Doney
Spinoza on Philosophical Skepticism
Warren Kessler
A Note on Spinoza’s Concept of Attribute
Lee C. Rice
Spinoza on Individuation
Ruth Saw
The Task of Metaphysics for Spinoza
Errol E. Harris
Spinoza’s Theory of Human Immortality
Advisory Editor: None
Gerd Buchdahl
Inductivist versus deductivist Approaches in the
Philosophy of Science as Illustrated by
Some Controversies between Whewell and Mill
Larry Laudan
William Whewell on the Consilience of Inductions
Hans Aarsleff
Locke’s Reputation in Nineteenth-Century England
B.A. Brody
Reid and Hamilton on Perception
Robert M. Young
Darwin’s Metaphor: Does Nature Select?
Robert T. Hall
Autonomy and the Social Order:
The Moral Philosophy of F.D. Maurice
Mary Hesse
Whewell’s Consilience of Inductions and Predictions
Larry Laudan
Reply to Mary Hesse
Advisory Editor: None
Asher Moore
Composition
Henry E. Allison
Kant’s Transcendental Humanism
Charles Hartshorne
Can Man Transcend His Animality?
Edward S. Casey
Man, Self, and Truth
Albert Hofstadter
Philosophy Is the Confession that
Being is Communion
Lee B. Brown
World Interpretations and Lived Experience
William H. Bossart
Is Philosophy Transcendental?
John Sallis
On the Limitation of Transcendental Reflection,
or Is Intersubjectivity Transcendental?
Advisory Editor: None
Carl Cohen
The Justification of Democracy
Felix E. Oppenheim
Democracy: Characteristics Included and Excluded
Gordon A. Welty
Mill’s Principle of Government as a
Basis of Democracy
J. Roland Pennock
Democratic Political Theory?A Typological Discussion
N.M.L. Nathan
On the Justification of Democracy
James Ward Smith
Justice and Democracy
Iredell Jenkins
The Disappointment of the Democratic
Expectation Or Democracy as Pure Form
Advisory Editor: None
Carl Cohen
Defending Civil Disobedience
John Ladd
Morality and the Ideal of Rationality
in Formal Organizations
Hugo A. Bedau
Civil Disobedience and Personal
Responsibility for Injustice
Alan Gewirth
Civil Disobedience, Law, and Morality:
An Examination of Justice Fortas’ Doctrine
Mulford Q. Sibley
Conscience, Law, and the Obligation to Obey
David Wieck
Dissidence
Michael Stocker
Moral Duties, Institutions, and Natural Facts
Advisory Editor: None
Anton C. Pegis
Four Medieval Ways to God
Barry Miller
The Contingency Argument
Lewis S. Ford
Whitehead’s Categoreal Derivation of
Divine Existence
Bruce R. Reichenbach
Divine Necessity and the Cosmological Argument
Michael Tooley
Does the Cosmological Argument
Entail the Ontological Argument?
Frank B. Dilley
Descartes’ Cosmological Argument
William L. Rowe
Two Criticisms of the Cosmological Argument
Charles Hartshorne
Six Theistic Proofs
W. Norris Clarke, S.J.
A Curious Blindspot in the Anglo-American
Tradition of Anti-Theistic Argument
James F. Ross
On Proofs for the Existence of God
David & Marjorie Haight
An Ontological Argument for the Devil
J. Brenton Stearns
Anselm and the Two-Argument Hypothesis
Parviz Morewedge
Ibn Sina Avicenna and Malcolm and the
Ontological Argument
Loren E. Lomasky
Leibniz and the Moral Argument for God’s Existence
Leon Pearl
Hume’s Criticism of the Argument from Design
Mary-Barbara Zeldin
Principles of Reason, Degrees of Judgment, and
Kant’s Argument for the Existence of God
Craig Harrison
The Ontological Argument in Modal Logic
Advisory Editor: None
William K. Frankena
Prichard and the Ethics of Virtue,
Notes on a Footnote
Kurt Baier
Moral Value and Moral Worth
John A. Oesterle
Morally Good and Morally Right
F.E. Sparshott
Five Virtues in Plato and Aristotle
Joseph Fletcher
Virtue as a Predicate
Stanley B. Cunningham
Does “Does Moral Philosophy Rest Upon a
Mistake?” Make an Even Greater Mistake?
Hilail Gildin
Aristotle and the Moral Square of Opposition
Thomas C. Mayberry
God and Moral Authority
Michael Stocker
Morally Good Intentions
Laurence D. Houlgate
Virtue is Knowledge